Identification of growth hormone receptor in localised neurofibromas of patients with neurofibromatosis type 1.

BACKGROUND The hallmark of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is the development of multiple neurofibromas. Solitary neurofibroma may occur in an individual who does not have NF1, but multiple neurofibromas tend to develop only in those with NF1. It has been suggested that hormones may influence the neurofibromas of patients with NF1. The evidence that hormones may influence the growth of neurofibromas comes mainly from the observation that localised neurofibromas of patients with NF1 commonly grow during puberty and pregnancy. Because growth hormone (GH) concentrations increase during puberty, it is possible that GH influences the growth of these tumours. AIMS To investigate the presence of GH receptors (GHRs) in neurofibromas. METHODS By means of immunohistochemistry, the presence of GHRs was investigated in two groups of patients: 16 patients without NF1 with solitary neurofibromas (group A) and 10 patients with NF1 with localised neurofibromas (group B). RESULTS Six of the 16 patients in group A had neurofibromas that were immunopositive for GHR, whereas nine of the 10 patients in group B were immunopositive. CONCLUSIONS Most patients with NF1 have localised neurofibromas that express GHR. This suggests that GH may play some role in the development of localised neurofibromas in patients with NF1.